- Difficulty
- Challenging
- Suggested time
- 6 min
- Marks
- 4
The chain rule and logarithms practice question 26
Let for . Find .
The three terms look alike. In each one, is the variable in the base, in the exponent, or in both? That decides which rule each term needs.
Differentiate term by term. Only has the variable in both the base and the exponent; has a constant base and a constant exponent.
For , take logs ( is the natural logarithm): , so . For , use .
A formula in x. Use ^ for powers and brackets for every input: sin(2x), e^(x^2), log(x+1). Give exact values: 1/6, not 0.167.
Theory UBC Math 100 §4.4CLP-1 §2.10Key results
Worked solution
Strategy
Three terms that look alike but need three different rules. Sort them by where the variable sits before differentiating anything.
Working
A constant exponent takes the power rule; a constant base takes the exponential rule.
With the variable in both places, take logs and use the product rule.
Multiply by y = xx.
Add the three derivatives.
Answer
The answer is x to the x times (log x plus 1), plus 3 to the x times log 3, plus 3x squared.
Check
At x = 1 the formula gives 4 + 3 log 3 ≈ 7.30, and (g(1.01) − g(0.99))/0.02 ≈ 7.30 too.
Where this goes wrong
Treating xx like x³ and writing x · xx−1 = xx. The power rule needs a constant exponent; with the variable in the base and the exponent, take logarithms first.
Leans on
Derivatives of exponential functions, from Exponential and trigonometric functions
Try a similar question
Let . Use logarithmic differentiation to find .Saved in this browser only.