- Difficulty
- Introductory
- Suggested time
- 3 min
- Marks
- 2
The chain rule and logarithms practice question 4
Let . Find .
This logarithm has base 2, and the derivative you know for is for the natural logarithm only. How can you rewrite in terms of ?
Change the base: , and is a constant.
Then use the chain rule on the natural logarithm: .
An exact expression, or a decimal to two decimal places.
Theory UBC Math 100 §4.4CLP-1 §2.10Key results
Worked solution
Strategy
Rewrite the base-2 logarithm as a natural logarithm divided by the constant log 2, then differentiate log(x³ + 1) with the chain rule.
Working
Change of base. The denominator is a number, not a function of x.
The derivative of log u is u′/u.
Substitute x = 1.
Answer
The answer is 3 over the quantity 2 log 2, about 2.164.
Check
f(0.99) ≈ 0.9784 and f(1.01) ≈ 1.0217, a slope of about 2.16, steeper than the 1.5 of log(x³ + 1), as log₂ grows faster than log.
Where this goes wrong
Differentiating log₂ as if it were the natural log, which gives 3/2. Only the natural logarithm differentiates to u′/u; a logarithm to another base also divides by the log of that base.
Leans on
Laws of logarithms, from Functions, graphs and inverses
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