- Topic
- Linear approximation
- Difficulty
- Standard
- Suggested time
- 4 min
- Marks
- 2
Linear approximation practice question 6
Use a linear approximation to estimate , using the fact that .
The prompt hands you . Which base point does that suggest, and is 0.9 to its left or to its right?
Base point : equals there.
.
An exact expression, or a decimal to three decimal places.
Theory UBC Math 100 §9.2CLP-1 §3.4Key results
Worked solution
Strategy
The base point is 1 because arctan and its derivative are both exact there. Step backwards by 0.1 along the tangent.
Working
Value and slope at 1.
The true value is 0.7328…; the tangent overestimates slightly because arctan is concave there.
Answer
The answer is pi over 4 minus one twentieth, about 0.735.
Check
tan(0.7354) ≈ 0.905, just above 0.9, so the estimate is a little high.
Where this goes wrong
Using the derivative at 0.9 instead of at the base point 1: the tangent line takes its value and its slope from the same point.
Leans on
The derivative of arctan, from Implicit differentiation and inverse trigonometric functions
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